Abstract

The halal economy is expanding rapidly, but halal-certified small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) still face uneven capacity to sustain and expand halal-oriented business practices. This study examines the determinants of halal business continuation and expansion intention among halal-certified food and beverage SMEs in Riau Province, Indonesia. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the model integrates attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and institutional support. A face-to-face survey was administered to 146 halal-certified SMEs selected proportionately from six regencies and cities in Riau Province. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that attitude (beta = 0.201, p = 0.002), subjective norms (beta = 0.155, p = 0.010), perceived behavioral control (beta = 0.185, p = 0.008), and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (beta = 0.149, p = 0.014) positively influence halal business continuation and expansion intention. Institutional support negatively moderates the effect of perceived behavioral control (beta = -0.146, p = 0.024), suggesting that institutional support operates as a context-bound boundary condition rather than as an unconditional facilitator. The model explains 25.1% of the variance in the endogenous construct. The findings contribute to TPB-based halal entrepreneurship research by showing that support mechanisms may be less enabling when certified SMEs already perceive themselves as capable but experience institutional support as uneven, procedural, or insufficiently aligned with their operational needs.

Keywords

Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Halal-Certified Smes, Halal Entrepreneurship, Institutional Support, Theory of Planned Behavior,

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