Abstract

Employee organizational commitment (OC) is one of the most important factors influencing an organization's ability to fulfill its strategic goals. Person-organization fit (POF) is important in bringing about OC. The study aims to examine the impact on OC of POF and work-family conflict (WFC). It also studies the moderating influence of WFC on OC with respect to POF. The data was analyzed using correlation and multiple regression to assess how POF and WFC affected OC. The findings of this study reveal that POF and WFC have a statistically significant favorable impact on OC, with WFC acting as a moderator. The findings demand concerted efforts in balancing the value structure of its valuable human resource with the organizational requirements. It provides guidelines for hiring, engaging, and implementing work–life balance policies to achieve the organizational fit. The novelty of this study is to figure out with the concept of focusing on the fit of people with all the aspects of organizations whether related to their assigned job, peer group, policies, or growth opportunities. However, OC may be influenced by other non-organizational variables, such as WFC. In particular, in the current post-pandemic context when instability poses a new and unlike set of challenges and problems, a fulfilling job that is well integrated into life balances the total mental and emotional quotient of employees.

Keywords

Organizational Commitment, Person–Organization Fit, Work-Family Conflict, Organizational Goals,

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

  1. Al-Alawi, A. I., Al-Saffar, E., AlmohammedSaleh, Z. H., Alotaibi, H., Al-Alawi, E. I. (2021). A study of the effects of work-family conflict, family-work conflict, and work-life balance on Saudi female teachers’ performance in the public education sector with job satisfaction as a moderator. Journal of International Women's Studies, 22(1), 486-503.
  2. Allan, B.A., Kim, T., Liu, T.Y., Deemer, E.D. (2020). Moderators of involuntary part-time work and life satisfaction: A latent deprivation approach. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 51(3), 257–267. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/pro0000268
  3. Allen, T.D., Regina, J., Wiernik, B.M., Waiwood, A.M. (2023). Toward a better understanding of the causal effects of role demands on work–family conflict: A genetic modeling approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 108(3), 520–539. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/apl0001032
  4. Andrade, C., Petiz Lousã, E. (2021). Telework and work–family conflict during COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal: The influence of job-related factors. Administrative Sciences, 11(3), 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11030103
  5. Bandyopadhyay, C., Srivastava, K.B. (2021). Mediating role of psychological contract fulfilment on the relationship between strength of HR signal and organizational commitment: evidence from the Indian manufacturing sector. South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management, 8(2), 240-259. https://doi.org/10.1177/23220937211043109
  6. Barclay, D., Higgins, C., Thompson, R. (1995). The partial least squares (PLS) approach to causal modelling: Personal computer adoption and use as an illustration’, Technology Studies, 2(2), 285–309.
  7. Barriga Medina, H.R., Campoverde Aguirre, R., Coello-Montecel, D., Ochoa Pacheco, P., Paredes-Aguirre, M. I. (2021). The influence of work–family conflict on burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: The effect of teleworking overload. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(19), 10302. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910302
  8. Bodjrenou, K., Xu, M., Bomboma, K. (2019). Antecedents of Organizational Commitment: A Review of Personal and Organizational Factors. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 7, 276-289. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2019.75024
  9. Bourdeau, S., Ollier-Malaterre, A., Houlfort, N. (2019). Not all work-life policies are created equal: Career consequences of using enabling versus enclosing work-life policies. Academy of Management Review, 44(1), 172-193. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2016.0429
  10. Brough, P., Timms, C., Chan, X.W., Hawkes, A., Rasmussen, L. (2020). Work–Life Balance: Definitions, Causes, and Consequences. In: Theorell, T. (eds) Handbook of Socioeconomic Determinants of Occupational Health. Handbook Series in Occupational Health Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31438-5_20
  11. De Smet, A., Mugayar-Baldocchi, M., Reich, A., Schaninger, B. (2023). Some employees are destroying value. Others are building it. Do you know the difference?. McKinsey Quarterly, September, 11, 2023.
  12. Deressa, B., Adugna, K., Bezane, B., Jabessa, M., Wayessa, G., Kebede, A., Tefera, G., Demissie, Y. (2022). The Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Organizational Justice among Health Care Workers in Ethiopian Jimma Zone Public Health Facilities. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 14, 5–16. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S345528
  13. Dhir, S., Dutta, T., Ghosh, P. (2020). Linking employee loyalty with job satisfaction using PLS–SEM modelling. Personnel Review, 49(8), 1695-1711. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-03-2019-0107
  14. Donald, W.E. (2023). Sustainable talent pipelines and person-organization fit: strategic insights from UK graduates. Career Development International, 28(2), 234-249. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-10-2022-0285
  15. Donkor, F., Zhou, D. (2020). Organizational commitment influences on the relationship between transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles and employee performance in the Ghanaian public service environment. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 30(1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2020.1712808
  16. Duggan, J., Sherman, U., Carbery, R., McDonnell, A. (2020). Algorithmic management and app‐work in the gig economy: A research agenda for employment relations and HRM. Human Resource Management Journal, 30(1), 114-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12258
  17. Elahi, N. S., Abid, G., Contreras, F., Fernández, I.A. (2022). Work–family and family–work conflict and stress in times of COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 951149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951149
  18. Fields, D. L. (2002). Taking the measure of work: A guide to validated scales for organizational research and diagnosis. Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231143
  19. Fornell, C., Tellis, G. J., Zinkhan, G. M. (1982). Validity assessment: A structural equations approach using partial least squares. In Proceedings of the American marketing association educators’ conference, American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, USA.
  20. Gangaraju, P.K., Raj, R., Kumar, V., NSB, A., De, T., Kaswan, M.S. (2025). Financial Performance in Industry 4.0 Agile Supply Chains: Evidence from Manufacturing Companies. The TQM Journal, 37(1), 222-248. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-07-2023-0214
  21. Garg, P., Garg, Y., Singh, S., Chamola, P., Kumar, V., Raj, R., Kumar, A., Paliwal, M. (2024). Deciphering the antecedents of ethical fashion consumption and its linkage with consumer purchase intention. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-08-2024-0259
  22. Gill, M.J. (2019). The significance of suffering in organizations: Understanding variation in workers responses to multiple modes of control. Academy of Management Review, 44(2), 377-404. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2016.0378
  23. Grobler, S., Grobler, A. (2021). Ethical leadership, person-organizational fit, and productive energy: A South African sectoral comparative study. Ethics & Behavior, 31(1), 21-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2019.1699412
  24. Guo, Y., Li, X. (2023). Work-family conflict, organizational commitment and turnover intention in Chinese preschool teachers: a comparison of mediation models. Journal of Education for Teaching, 49(4), 695-710. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2022.2150964
  25. Hair, F. J., Black C. W., Badin, N. J., Anderson, E. R., Tatham, R. L. (2005). Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Education Inc, New Joursey.
  26. Haryonor, S. (2021). The Effect of Person Job Fit and Person Organization Fit on Employee Performance with Organizational Citizenship Behavior as Mediator: Study of Local Government Employees in Tojo Una-Una Regency. Business Management Dynamics, 10(12), 17-28.
  27. Hidalgo-Peñate, A., Nieves, J., Padrón-Robaina, V. (2022). The influence of employees’ knowledge, organizational commitment, and culture on the innovativeness of vocational educational. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 20(5), 755-766. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2020.1774431
  28. Huang, I.C., Du, P.L., Wu, L.F., Achyldurdyyeva, J., Wu, L.C. Lin, C.S. (2021). Leader–member exchange, employee turnover intention and presenteeism: the mediating role of perceived organizational support. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 42(2), 249-264. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2020-0094
  29. Isa, M., Indrayati, N. (2023). The role of work–life balance as mediation of the effect of work–family conflict on employee performance. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 21, 1910. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v21i0.1910
  30. Jehanzeb, K. (2020). Does perceived organizational support and employee development influence organizational citizenship behavior? Person–organization fit as moderator. European Journal of Training and Development, 44(6/7), 637-657. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-02-2020-0032
  31. Jha, A., Sharma, R.R.K., Kumar, V., Verma, P. (2022) Designing Supply Chain Performance System: A Strategic Study on Indian Manufacturing Sector. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 27(1), 66-88. https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-05-2020-0198
  32. Joo, B.-K., Park, S., Lee, S. (2021). Personal growth initiative: the effects of person–organization fit, work empowerment and authentic leadership. International Journal of Manpower, 42(3), 502-517. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-02-2020-0056
  33. Junaedi, M., Wulani, F. (2021). The moderating effect of person–organization fit on the relationship between job stress and deviant behaviors of frontline employees. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 14(5), 492-505. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-06-2020-0103
  34. Kakar, A.S., Muhammad Khan, N., Haider, A. (2023). The turnover intention among IT professionals: A person-organisation fit, person-job fit, and HRM perspective. Human Systems Management, 42(3), 325-335. https://doi.org/10.3233/HSM-220072
  35. Khan, A.N., Ali, A., Khan, N.A., Jehan, N. (2019). A study of relationship between transformational leadership and task performance: The role of social media and affective organizational commitment. International Journal of Business Information Systems, 31(4), 499-516. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIS.2019.101583
  36. Kossek, E.E., Kelliher, C. (2023). Making flexibility more i-deal: Advancing work-life equality collectively. Group & Organization Management, 48(1), 317-349. https://doi.org/10.1177/10596011221098823
  37. Kotzé, M., Nel, P. (2020). The influence of job resources on platinum mineworkers work engagement and organizational commitment: An explorative study. The Extractive Industries and Society, 7(1), 146-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2020.01.009
  38. Kristof, A.L. (1996). Person–organization fit: An integrative review of its conceptualizations, measurement, and implications. Personnel Psychology, 49(1), 1–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1996.tb01790.x
  39. Kristof‐Brown, A., Schneider, B., Su, R. (2023). Person‐organization fit theory and research: Conundrums, conclusions, and calls to action. Personnel Psychology, 76(2), 375-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12581
  40. Kumar, S., Sarkar, S., Chahar, B. (2023). A systematic review of work-life integration and role of flexible work arrangements. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(3), 710-736. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-07-2021-2855
  41. Kumar, V., Cudney, E., Mittal, A., Jha, A., Yadav, N., Owad, A.A. (2024). Mapping Quality Performance through Lean Six Sigma and New Product Development Attributes. The TQM Journal, 36(7), 2107-2131. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2022-0324
  42. Lambert, S.J. (1990). Processes linking work and family: A critical review and research agenda. Human Relations, 43(3), 239–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679004300303
  43. Liu, S., Chu, F., Guo, M., Liu, Y. (2021). Authentic leadership, person-organization fit and collectivistic orientation: a moderated-mediated model of workplace safety. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 42(8), 1295-1310. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2020-0080
  44. Lovelace, K., Rosen, B. (1996). Differences in achieving person–organization fit among diverse groups of managers. Journal of Management, 22(5), 703–722. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639602200502
  45. Maloba, M.N., Pillay-Naidoo, D. (2022). Person-organisation fit, job satisfaction and intention to leave in the South African social development sector. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 25(1), a4572. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v25i1.4572
  46. Moreira, A., Encarnação, T., Viseu, J., Au-Yong-Oliveira, M. (2023). Conflict (work-family and family-work) and task performance: the role of well-being in this relationship. Administrative Sciences, 13(4), 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13040094
  47. Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W., Steers R.M. (1982). Employee–organization linkages: An Introduction. Employee–Organization Linkages, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-509370-5.50005-8
  48. Murray, W.C., Holmes, M.R. (2021). Impacts of employee empowerment and organizational commitment on workforce sustainability. Sustainability, 13(6), 3163. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063163
  49. Nart, S., Batur, O. (2014). The relation between work–family conflict, job stress, organizational commitment and job performance: A study on Turkish primary teachers. European Journal of Research on Education, 2 (2), 72–81.
  50. Naz, S., Li, C., Nisar, Q.A., Khan, M.A.S., Ahmad, N., Anwar, F. (2020). A study in the relationship between supportive work environment and employee retention: Role of organizational commitment and person–organization fit as mediators. Sage Open, 10(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020924694
  51. Netemeyer, R.G., Boles, J.S., McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 400-410. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.400
  52. NSB, A., Raj, R., Kumar, V., Gangaraju, P.K., Dey, T. (2025). An agility and performance assessment framework for supply chains using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Supply Chain Analytics, 9, 100093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2024.100093
  53. Nwachukwu, C., Zufan, P., Chladkova, H. (2020). Employee commitment to strategy implementation and strategic performance: organizational policy as moderator. International Journal of Business Excellence, 20(3), 398-418. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBEX.2020.106368
  54. Ozduran, A., Saydam, M. B., Eluwole, K.K., Mertens, E.U. (2023). Work-family conflict, subjective well-being, burnout, and their effects on presenteeism. The Service Industries Journal, 45, 303-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2023.2209507
  55. Pattanawit, P., Charoensukmongkol, P. (2022). Effects of Spiritual Intelligence on Person-Organization Fit, Organizational Commitment, and Customer-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Real Estate Agents. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 22(3), 52-66. https://doi.org/10.59588/2350-8329.1463
  56. Pattnaik, L., Mishra, S., Tripathy, S.K. (2023). Perceived organizational support and organizational commitment: Moderating role of person–organization fit. Global Business Review, 24(5), 902-915. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150920920776
  57. Paul, J.P., Silambarasan, M. (2017). An Empirical Study on the Impact from the antecedents of person–organization fit affecting a wristwatch manufacturing unit in Tamil Nadu. ICTACT Journal on Management Studies, 3(4), 632-643. https://doi.org/10.21917/ijms.2017.0086
  58. Porter, L., Steers, R., Mowday, R., Boulian, P. (1974). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(5), 603–609. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/h0037335
  59. Pratama, E.N., Suwarni, E., Handayani, M.A. (2022). The effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on turnover intention with person organization fit as moderator variable. Aptisi Transactions on Management, 6(1), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.33050/atm.v6i1.1722
  60. Raj, R., Kumar, V., Sharma, N., Verma, P. (2024). Industry 4.0 Readiness: the impact of Effective Implementation of I4.0 on Marketing Performance. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 39(10), 2140-2154. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-05-2023-0289
  61. Ribeiro, N., Gomes, D., Oliveira, A.R., Dias Semedo, A.S. (2023). The impact of the work-family conflict on employee engagement, performance, and turnover intention. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(2), 533-549. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-02-2021-2646
  62. Saufi, R., Mansor, N.N.A., Kakar, A.S., Singh, H. (2020). The mediating role of person-job fit between person-organisation fit and intention to leave the job: Empirical evidence from Pakistan. Sustainability, 12(19), 8189. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198189
  63. Schieman, S., Badawy, P.J.A., Milkie, M., Bierman, A. (2021). Work-life conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 7, 2378023120982856. https://doi.org/10.1177/2378023120982856
  64. Setiawan, R.P.S.M., Irawanto, S.D.W. (2020). Servant leadership characteristics, organizational commitment, followers’ trust, employees’ performance outcomes: A literature review. European Research Studies Journal, 23(4), 902-911. https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1722
  65. Sharma, R., Tanwar, K. (2023). Organisation pursuit intention through perceived employer brand, person organisation fit and perceived organizational prestige. Corporate Reputation Review, 26(1), 33-53. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41299-021-00132-6
  66. Singh, P., Sreehitha, L., Kumar, V., Rajak, B.K., Sarkar, S. (2024a). Profiling Employee Engagement Dimensions and Outcomes: A Person-Centered Approach. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 73(10), 3252-3277. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-08-2023-0426
  67. Singh, S., Chaubey, D.S., Raj, R., Kumar, V., Paliwal, M., Mahlawat, S. (2024b), Social media communication, consumer attitude and purchase intention in lifestyle category products: A PLS-SEM Modeling. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 43(2), 272-296. https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-11-2023-0626
  68. Singh, S., Raj, R., Dash, B.M., Kumar, V., Paliwal, M., Chauhan, S. (2024c), Access to Finance and its Impact on Operational Efficiency of MSMEs: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Personality and Self-Efficacy. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-01-2024-0053
  69. Suárez-Albanchez, J., Blazquez-Resino, J.J., Gutierrez-Broncano, S., Jimenez-Estevez, P. (2021). Occupational health and safety, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the Spanish IT consultancy sector. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5658. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115658
  70. Tran, Q.H.N. (2022). Exploring relationships among overload stress, work-family conflict, job satisfaction, person–organisation fit and organizational commitment in public organizations. Public Organization Review, 23(2), 759-775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00589-3
  71. Verma, P., Kumar, V., Daim, T., Sharma, N.K. (2023). Design thinking Framework towards Management control system in Environmental Dynamism: An Innovation Perspective, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 4955-4970. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2023.3238665
  72. Verma, P., Sharma, R.R.K. (2015). The Linkages among Horizontal Strategy, Person-Environment fit and Strategic Human Resource Management. IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2015.7385624
  73. Verma, P., Sharma, R.R.K., (2018). The Linkages between Horizontal Strategy, Person-Environment fit and Horizontal Fit: An Empirical study. International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, 28(2), 216–239. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJISE.2018.10009808
  74. Zahoor, N., Abdullah, N., Zakaria, N. (2021). The role of high performance work practices, work-family conflict. Job stress and personality in affecting work life balance. Management Science Letters, 11(4), 1367-1378.
  75. Zedeck, S. (1992) Work, Families and Organisations. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA