Abstract

A novel planar multi-input multi output (MIMO) antenna operating at 28 GHz is proposed, featuring a four-elements with rotationally symmetric circular resonators with defected ground plane (DGP) to enhance performance of gain and isolation. The single element circular patch antenna design is extended into a MIMO configuration to improve gain and directivity, making it suitable for 5G. The proposed antenna is analyzed through simulated S-parameters, including S₁₁ (like the single-element antenna) and S₂₁, S₃₁ for the MIMO configuration for evaluate impedance matching and coupling effects using the commercially available CST microwave studio suite software. A very fine mesh size used in the simulation for better accuracy for getting the good simulation results. The radiation characteristics at the resonant frequency are examined using both polar and 3D radiation patterns, demonstrating the antenna directional behavior and effective radiation performance. The antenna structure overall size is 45 x 45 x 0.254 mm3. The Rogers 5880 with 2.2 dielectric constant is used as the substrate for the material. The defected ground plane (DGP) is used to improve the isolation between the ports in the MIMO structure. The proposed work examined in terms of the parameters like S11, S21, ECC (Envelope correlation coefficient), DG (Diversity Gain), CCL (Channel capacity Loss), TARC (Total Active Reflection Coefficient) and the radiation pattern. The mutual coupling/isolation is >25 dB and the MIMO parameters i.e., ECC <0.00033 with a DG >9.9 dB is achieved. The antenna is fabricated using photolithography techniques and validated using the vector network analyzer (VNA). Both the simulation and measured results are in good agreement in terms of S-parameters as well as radiation characteristics.

Keywords

MIMO, DGP, BW, DG and ECC,

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References

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